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Shia Islam in the Netherlands
Shia form a minority within the Muslim community of the Netherlands with Twelver adherents forming a majority. Most of the Twelver or Ithnā 'Asharīs in the Netherlands are political refugees.〔 They come from different nations, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. They come from Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, in addition to a small group from Pakistan and Lebanon, while the Turkish Ithnā 'Asharīs are guest workers.〔 The majority of them came to the Netherlands in the 1990s as political refugees. The number of Twelver Shia alone who possess Dutch nationality as of 1 January 2005 was 108,728,〔 being Iraqis, Afghanis, and Iranians excluding the figure of other Shiite sects and also of those who do not possess Dutch nationality.〔 These groups came mainly because of political unrest in the region, such as the Iranian revolution, and the war between Iraq and Iran.〔
== History ==
The history of the settlement of the Twelver Shiites in the Netherlands goes back to the 1960s.〔 A small group of Pakistani-Indian Shiites came during the 1960s, the Pakistanis as refugees, the Indians came to work (the number of Indian-Pakistani in the Netherlands at the present time is around 500 individuals, they established a Husayniyya in Amsterdam in 1976 under the name of ''Idāra Ja'fariyya''. This place is considered the first place for worship established by Twelver Shia community in the Netherlands.〔 This Husayniyya does not have a permanent place until the present time. The community hire a place only in the weekend from the community center in order to perform their religious and social occasions. This community has a permanent Husayniyya in the Hague under the name ''Mahfil-e-'Alī'' established in 1992.〔
The Turkish Shiites came to the Netherlands during the 1960s as guest workers. Their number at the present time is estimated to be 10,000 according to their Imāms. In 1982, this community established their first place for prayer in the Hague under the name Ahl-al-Bayt, which is considered as a Husayniyya. At the present time the Turkish own four Husayniyya. The majority of the political refugees come from educated urban areas, while a big number of the guest workers come from rural areas. Most of the of Ithnā 'Asharī Shia came to the Netherlands in the 1990s as political refugees.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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